Friday, August 3, 2018

Review: Sharp Objects

Image result for sharp objects: a novel


Sharp Objects
Author: Gillian Flynn
Published: 2006
Genre: Psychological thriller, mystery, Southern Gothic

Note: This is a review for Gillian Flynn's 2006 novel, not the recently-released miniseries adaptation on HBO.

Despite my avid fondness for storytelling, for five years I never picked up a novel and read it simply because I wanted to. Not because it was assigned to me for school, or recommended to me by someone else, but just to see for myself how the story ends. That changed when I read Gillian Flynn’s riveting debut Sharp Objects last week. It took me one day.

For some context: I only decided to read Sharp Objects because of HBO's new miniseries adaptation starring Amy Adams. The show is absolutely excellent, but my impatience with its slow-burn pace (and my ever-present fear of Internet spoilers) meant I was quite desperate to know what happens next. Lucky for me, the show is a very faithful adaptation of its source material, given that Flynn is involved as both a producer and a writer. Two episodes is all it took for me to take up the book.

Image result for sharp objects poster
Poster for HBO's miniseries adaptation, starring Amy Adams and Patricia Clarkson.

Yes, Sharp Objects is a short read, coming at just over 250 pages, but it was rendered even shorter by my utter inability to stop reading till I was finished. It’s dark, morbid, vividly written and deeply suspenseful. It’s also unafraid to tackle some difficult and provocative subject matter, including self-harm, alcoholism and parental neglect. It’s often hard to read, but much harder to put down.

Sharp Objects follows Camille Preaker, a Chicago-based reporter who is sent back to her fictional hometown of Wind Gap, Missouri, to cover the murders of two young girls. Wind Gap is a small and insular community teeming with gossip and secrets around every corner, which means word gets out fast anytime something is awry. The murders instill fear and suspicion among the town’s residents, all of whom seem like they have something to hide. It gives Camille plenty of investigative bone to chew on as she reacquaints herself with Wind Gap’s history.

The most challenging history Camille has to grapple with, however, is her own, as she goes to stay with her overbearing mother in their eerie, Gothic family household. This introduces a recurring theme throughout a book: an attraction to darkness. Camille, we learn, is both an alcoholic and a self-harmer, having carved words all over her body, each with its own meaning and salience to Camille’s tortured past and psyche. Much of this psyche was forged over the course of her upbringing in Wind Gap, which included the death of her half-sister Marian when the two were children, and the subsequent breakdown of her relationship with her mother. In returning home upon a tragedy befalling innocent children, Camille is slowly drawn back into the dark void in which she first lost her own innocence.

What’s interesting, though, is that Camille is not just a walking repository of gloom and despair. In fact, she’s quite the opposite: she describes her experiences in Wind Gap with the keenly observant eye of a reporter and the blithe and sardonic wit of someone already familiar with the town's idiosyncracies. Since the entirety of the novel is told from Camille’s perspective, her voice adds color and character to the story’s events that a less nuanced protagonist would be unable to achieve. Camille is not an “unreliable” narrator in the vein of Flynn’s other hit novel, Gone Girl, but the juxtaposition of her dry and “journalistic” tone with the dark and twisted nature of the events provides the novel and its heavy subject matter with an uncanny accessibility. You yourself become drawn to its darkness with an almost morbid curiosity, much like Camille. You learn to empathize with her pain rather than be put off by it.

Much of this owes to Flynn’s brilliant writing style, which manages to be vividly descriptive yet natural enough to feel intimate – human. Once again, Camille’s characterization works to Flynn’s advantage: she can imbue her descriptions with a degree of detail and pathos that feels entirely appropriate to her protagonist, and thereby flesh out the novel’s Southern Gothic world in an organic way. And though we the reader become attracted to the darkness of said world, we are never desensitized to it. That vague yet piercing feeling that something is very, very wrong in Wind Gap lingers throughout the novel and offsets even its quieter moments with a constant feeling of dread. This book is still a thriller at heart, and when it amps up the tension (particularly in the third act), it becomes downright harrowing.

Of course, with a great setting comes great characters, and Flynn enlivens her story with a rich supporting cast that is just as well-realized as her protagonist. Camille’s aforementioned mother Adora, while thoroughly odious due to her emotionally abusive behavior, remains an enigmatic presence throughout the novel. This is mainly because she is an especially well-connected resident of Wind Gap, using her family wealth and social influence to maintain a pristine “old money” exterior among the other townsfolk. But the character that leads a true double-life is Camille’s teenage half-sister Amma, who Camille meets for the first time upon her return to Wind Gap. Amma is her mother’s personal doll at home and a rebellious troublemaker by night, and her bond with Camille over their mutual yearning for escape introduces a fascinating dynamic between them that evolves in unexpected ways over the course of the story. Furthermore, Camille’s news story puts her at odds with both the town’s disgruntled sheriff and a detective coming from Kansas City to investigate the murders. Her interactions with these characters as well as various town locals and families provides for some trenchant commentary on themes like gender, class, grief and adolescence, and offer the welcome contrast of seeing how the murders affect "ordinary" people.

What I found most impressive about Sharp Objects was the strikingly efficient pace at which it advances its story. The narrative could have been stretched to twice its length and dragged on with extraneous detail and unnecessary subplots, but Flynn eschews such distractions and keeps the focus tightly trained on Camille and Wind Gap, resulting in a story that’s relatively simple in the way of plot but endlessly absorbing in its exploration of characters. Indeed, character development is the main thrust of the book’s mystery, and Flynn is able to sustain reader intrigue into Wind Gap's various secrets without sacrificing realism or logic in the process. The book is also respectful yet inventive in addressing the topic of self-harm, and the effectiveness with which it incorporates the subject into its story indicates that neither Camille nor Flynn care whether the reader is judging. It’s a heavy topic, yes, but the book is more than strong enough to carry that weight with grace and confidence.

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I absolutely recommend Sharp Objects to anyone who enjoys a good murder mystery, or simply wants to liven up their summer evening. I suppose a “trigger warning” is in order for anyone who finds mental illness or self-harm to be too sensitive a subject, as it’s something I see frequently expressed on the Reddit community for the miniseries. As for the TV adaptation, I also strongly recommend seeing it – everything about it is flawlessly executed, from the acting and music choices to the surreal, dreamlike quality evoked by its unique editing style. It also makes the smart choice of presenting events from other perspectives rather than only that of Camille, which adds further intrigue and complexity to the world of Wind Gap.

As for the question of which one to try first, I can only speak from experience and say I watched two episodes of the series before starting the novel. This has worked well for me, since the early (slower) chapters of the novel are made more entertaining with the imagery of the series’ actors and settings in mind. Finishing the novel has also made the rest of the series more fun to watch, as I have the added excitement of seeing the novel’s pages come to life onscreen. Knowing how the story ends does not detract from the experience at all, since there’s still an element of surprise to how exactly the series adapts the book to its format with each episode. There are also a few new characters and subplots introduced to the series that aren’t in the book, and though I don’t expect these elements to alter the general course of the plot very drastically, they still add new dimensions to the story while maintaining the authentic tone struck by the novel.

Hope you guys enjoy Sharp Objects! Thanks for reading!


Monday, April 2, 2018

Black Mirror


The episode "White Christmas", starring Jon Hamm. The last episode to be aired on the UK's Channel 4 before
the series moved to Netflix in 2016.


Warning: The following post contains spoilers for episode 1 of Black Mirror.

It’s been a while since I came across some good television, so I figured I’d try and check off a box on my ever-expanding list of series to catch up on. It’s worth noting that in the past, I used to get exceedingly attached to the shows I’d watch, at the expense of many of my other priorities. But over the last two years I’ve been able to find a better balance between work and play, and my TV diet has shifted from mere entertainment to more informative programming.

As such, the increasingly popular Netflix sci-fi anthology Black Mirror is different compared to your run-of-the-mill TV drama. For starters, it’s an episodic anthology – every episode features a different cast, crew, story and setting. Therefore, the only thing binding this show’s universe together is the thematic threading woven by its writers, not by any particular characters or stories. Second, the point of each Black Mirror episode is to serve as an allegory for the effects of technology on our everyday lives. The bizarre and surreal scenarios presented in the show are all just series creator Charlie Brooker's observations of how our phones, computers and televisions – the titular “black mirrors” – reflect our changing psyches and interactions with one another. In that sense, the show is simultaneously drawing audiences into its dystopian fictional universe(s) as well as making us more aware of the role technology plays on our real lives. And it does so through some of the most finely-crafted television I’ve come across in years.

Right from the outset, one of the more impressive traits of Black Mirror is how fluidly it strides between genres, themes and narrative structures. From the pilot onwards, we go from a satirical political thriller to a dystopian, existentialist sci-fi tragedy, to not one but two relationship dramas with a futuristic bent. As the series continues, we’re treated to at least two horror-thrillers, a Star Trek-inspired space adventure, a touching retro-futuristic love story, and a 90-minute Christmas special that begins like a sitcom and ends with viewers’ heads both figuratively and literally spinning. But despite this colorful stylistic platter, the show is notorious for using any one of these genres as a means of telling bleak, terrifying stories that carry trenchant social commentary along with them.

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Season 1, Episode 2 - "Fifteen Million Merits", starring Get Out's Daniel Kaluuya.

You are now entering spoiler territory…

Take the infamous pilot episode, “The National Anthem”. I’ve heard countless reports of fans of the show hearing from their friends that they were disgusted to have been recommended Black Mirror after having watched this first episode. Why? Well, the plot goes something like this: the fictional prime minister of the UK is threatened with the murder of a beloved princess unless he films himself having sex with a pig for the entire country to watch. And despite his best efforts to thwart or deceive the kidnappers, he ends up actually having to go through with the obscene act. 

As a disclaimer, the other episodes of the series are very different from this one, but what’s immediately appealing about this daring pilot is how brilliantly it’s written and directed, taking this absurd scenario and playing it entirely straight. We get to see dramatic shots of the PM looking out his window in somber contemplation. Tense scenes of him arguing violently with his wife and staff. Frenetic chitchat among media figures deciding which censorship rules to break in landing the scoop on this bizarre national emergency. But what starts as an amusing, seemingly satirical piece of political drama morphs into a truly depressing ordeal that we witness the characters endure. We’re left thinking “he can’t possibly do it, can he?” right up to the point where he actually does, and maybe a minute or so into it as well. Of course, all we do see on camera is a montage of onlookers displaying a smattering of emotions: shock, amusement, horror, confusion, disgust, and almost certainly one or two looks of arousal. But we, the viewer, are part of that crowd as well, perhaps wondering whether it really was a good idea to listen to our friends’ TV recommendations.

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"That scene." ("The National Anthem")

I obviously don’t fault viewers for recoiling at the fact that they just witnessed a character fuck a pig in the very first episode of this series. Most of us aren’t exactly into that, it would seem. But I believe that this episode is an appropriate barrier-of-entry to the rest of Black Mirror, despite being starkly different in its presentation compared to most other episodes of the show. Charlie Brooker is testing his audiences’ capacity to look past the raw content presented on screen – starting with a challenging, lurid example – and to actually try and decipher the thematic messaging driving it all. As it turns out, the true horror of “The National Anthem” is not that the prime minister of the UK fucked a pig on live television, but that the insurmountable pressure from the media and from within his government led him to such a decision in the first place. Throughout the episode there is talk of the PM’s plunging approval ratings, his public persona, the accountability of the government, and the celebrity status of the kidnapped princess (perhaps a commentary on Kate Middleton and the superficiality of the Royal Family and its extensive press coverage). Such factors – image, status, social approval – can lead to us entirely corrupting our personal morals and dignity so we can still cohere with the fabric of society. “The National Anthem” shows us how the expanded role of social media only exacerbates this pressure and leads us to increasingly define our roles in society based on popularity, ratings, “buzz”. This could not be more relevant within our current political climate and the nascent “digital age”.

No more spoilers past this point.

Subsequent episodes of Black Mirror have been more ambitious with their production values and thematic depth - also, mercifully devoid of bestiality, though just as merciless with their storytelling. Episode 2 pits its protagonists in a dystopian, prison-like complex that forces its citizens to consume inordinate amounts of advertising while accumulating virtual currency as a means of maintaining their sustenance and socioeconomic status. The episode is in many ways bleaker and more depressing than the pilot episode, not only with respect to the inescapable situation plaguing its characters but to how closely it mirrors modern consumerism and our collective slavery to corporate advertising. The episode to follow returns to the modern world, but where the wealthy can choose to get a digital chip implanted in their heads that stores video recordings of all of their memories (think a “Snapchat story” of your entire life). It focuses on a married couple carrying these chips, where the husband suspects his wife of having an affair. The episode stirringly explores how even in a universe where privacy is almost entirely obliterated by technology, people will still find ways to lie and deceive one another. It’s the endurance of human fallibility in a society where stunning technological breakthroughs redefine the way we interact with ourselves and others. Not that different from the world we live in now, huh?


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Season 1, Episode 3 - "The Entire History of You". Memories can be digitally recorded, stored and
replayed via the fictional "grain" technology, seen above.

In fact, Black Mirror’s social commentary is so apt that it predicted several world events prior to their occurrence. For example, the season 3 premiere “Nosedive” features a society in which people’s socioeconomic status is based on a 5-star “rating system” on a universally-used social media app. While the episode’s intent was merely to satirize apps like Instagram and people’s psychological dependency on Internet attention, something frighteningly similar to the technology it depicted is now underway in China. The Chinese government has planned the rollout of a “Social Credit System” by 2020 that blacklists citizens who are perceived to have committed wrongdoings and rewards citizens with more “approvable” lifestyles, using a government-arbitrated “social credit” as its metric. Pilot programs are already in effect: in 2017, the government stated that an estimated 6.15 million Chinese citizens were banned from taking flights due to “social misdeeds.” And this March, the government announced plans to add trains to the transport options withheld from those with poor “social credit”. Multiple news sites jumped to comparisons with “Nosedive” in covering developments on this issue.

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Season 3, Episode 1 - "Nosedive", eerily similar to China's "Social Credit System".

Other examples of Black Mirror’s prophetic storytelling include season 2, episode 3, “The Waldo Moment,” which features an obnoxious animatronic television character being put on the ballot as a candidate for Parliament. While the episode was poorly received when it aired in 2011, it has since attracted renewed attention for its relevance to the US presidential election, in which our own obnoxious television character found his way to the Oval Office. And perhaps most absurdly, rumors broke in 2015 that former British Prime Minister David Cameron engaged in sexual acts with a dead pig while a student at Oxford, four years after “The National Anthem” aired on television. Brooker was appropriately stunned, insisting that he knew nothing of this scandal when writing the episode and that it was merely a once-in-a-lifetime coincidence.

As I continue my way through Black Mirror, I always find myself in itching to know “what happens next” despite the independence of the episodes’ narratives and characters. That’s because the real story behind this show is in its parallels to the relationship between technology, society and human nature itself. Never have I seen a TV show make such effective use of its themes, where half the fun is in learning the philosophy encased in the episode’s events rather than just treating that as an afterthought to the “entertainment”. The series rests on the principle of having something to say, rather than just to keep its audiences glued to the screen. But for the record, it is pretty damn entertaining, too.

I "rate" Black Mirror a 5/5! Newcomers out there might want to skip episode 1 and come back to it later. It's a great episode, just not for everybody.

Thanks for reading!